RULE ER 902
                       SELF-AUTHENTICATION


    Extrinsic evidence of authenticity as a condition precedent
to admissibility is not required with respect to the following:

    (a) Domestic Public Documents Under Seal. A document bearing
a seal purporting to be that of the United States, or of any
state, district, commonwealth, territory, or insular possession
thereof, or the Panama Canal Zone, or the Trust Territory of the
Pacific Islands, or of a political subdivision, department,
officer, or agency thereof, and a signature purporting to be an
attestation or execution.

    (b) Domestic Public Documents Not Under Seal. A document
purporting to bear the signature in the official capacity of an
officer or employee of any entity included in section (a), having
no seal, if a public officer having a seal and having official
duties in the district or political subdivision of the officer or
employee certifies under seal that the signer has the official
capacity and that the signature is genuine.

    (c) Foreign Public Documents. A document purporting to be
executed or attested in an official capacity by a person
authorized by the laws of a foreign country to make the execution
or attestation, and accompanied by a final certification as to
the genuineness of the signature and official position (1) of the
executing or attesting person, or (2) of any foreign official
whose certificate of genuineness of signature and official
position relates to the execution or attestation or is in a chain
of certificates of genuineness of signature and official position
relating to the execution or attestation. A final certification
may be made by a secretary of embassy or legation, consul
general, consul, vice-consul, or consular agent of the United
States, or a diplomatic or consular official of the foreign
country assigned or accredited to the United States. If
reasonable opportunity has been given to all parties to
investigate the authenticity and accuracy of official documents,
the court may, for good cause shown, order that they be treated
as presumptively authentic without final certification or permit
them to be evidenced by an attested summary with or without final certification.

    (d) Certified Copies of Public Records. A copy of an official
record or report or entry therein, or of a document authorized by
law to be recorded or filed and actually recorded or filed in a
public office, including data compilations in any form, certified
as correct by the custodian or other person authorized to make
the certification, by certificate complying with section (a),
(b), or (c) of this rule or complying with any applicable law,
treaty or convention of the United States, or the applicable law
of a state or territory of the United States.

    (e) Official Publications. Books, pamphlets, or other
publications purporting to be issued by public authority.

    (f) Newspapers and Periodicals. Printed materials purporting
to be newspapers or periodicals.

    (g) Trade Inscriptions and the Like. Inscriptions, signs,
tags, or labels purporting to have been affixed in the course of
business and indicating ownership, control, or origin.

    (h) Acknowledged Documents. Documents accompanied by a
certificate of acknowledgment executed in the manner provided by
law by a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments.

    (i) Commercial Paper and Related Documents. Commercial paper,
signatures thereon, and documents relating thereto to the extent
provided by general commercial law.

    (j) Presumptions Created by Law. Any signature, document, or
other matter declared by any law of the United States or of this
state to be presumptively or prima facie genuine or authentic.


[Amended effective August 27, 1980; September 1, 1988; September 1, 1992.]


              Comment 902

[Deleted effective September 1, 2006.]