Source:
Adapted by Tarry L. Lindquist from a feature in the magazine Social Studies and the Young Learner, September-October 1991, written by Margaret Fisher and Tarry L. Lindquist, and updated in 2012. Staff at the Washington State Administrative Office of the Courts (AOC) edited the lesson. For more information, contact AOC Court Services, 1206 Quince Street SE, PO Box 41170, Olympia, WA 98504-1170. For an electronic copy of this lesson, or to view other lesson plans, visit Educational Resources on the Washington Courts Web site at: www.courts.wa.gov/education/.
Objectives:
Grade Level:
Grades 4-8
Time:
One class period (approximately 50 minutes)
Materials:
One copy of Handout 1 (Simplified U.S. Bill of Rights) for each student
One copy of Handout 2 (Highlights of the History of the Bill of Rights) for each student
Timer or clock with a second hand
Optional: Award for winning team of game
Note: This lesson assumes the teacher has already introduced students to the Bill of Rights and the class is quite comfortable with the meaning and intent of the document. The role of the judge in this lesson is to promote further understanding of the rights through a game, which should spark individual student questions about the Bill of Rights. Before the judge arrives, students will create posters depicting the rights.
(The teacher should prepare these materials for your visit.)
Procedures:
Find out what the students know about the Bill of Rights by asking them some questions. For example, you might ask what the seven rights are in the First Amendment. Then, ask students what other rights are in the Bill of Rights. Discuss each of the first ten amendments, focusing on the first eight amendments that guarantee individual rights.
Remind students that in addition to the Bill of Rights, the body of the U.S. Constitution guarantees other rights and subsequent amendments contain more rights. Pass out Handout 1 (Simplified U.S. Bill of Rights) for the students' reference. Spend no more than 10 minutes on this introductory segment.
Collect the answer sheets from the teams and read each team's answer and points risked. If they answer the question correctly, they earn the amount of points risked. If they are wrong, they lose the amount risked. Add or subtract the points risked from the team scores before the Final Question to determine the final point totals.
HISTORICAL PERSONS (10 Points) DAILY DOUBLE QUESTION
Who is entitled to be called the "Father of the Bill of Rights?"
James Madison
HISTORICAL PERSONS (20 Points)
Who helped convince James Madison from his post as Ambassador to France that a Bill of Rights was necessary for the new Constitution of 1787?
Thomas Jefferson
HISTORICAL PERSONS (30 Points)
True or False. Alexander Hamilton, a Federalist, argued that a Bill of Rights could be dangerous.
True
HISTORICAL PERSONS (40 Points)
True or False. James Madison fought to include a Bill of Rights in the Constitution during the Philadelphia Convention.
False. He was opposed to including a Bill of Rights until he saw the new Constitution would fail to be ratified unless one was developed.
HISTORICAL PERSONS (50 Points)
Who proposed a Bill of Rights at the Philadelphia Convention?
George Mason
FEDERALIST/ANTI-FEDERALIST (10 Points)
Which group favored a strong national government -- the Federalists or Anti-Federalists?
Federalists
FEDERALIST/ANTI-FEDERALIST (20 Points) DAILY DOUBLE QUESTION
Which favored passing the Constitution of 1787 -- the Federalists or Anti-Federalists?
Federalists
FEDERALIST/ANTI-FEDERALIST (30 Points)
Identify these three men as Federalists or Anti-Federalists: Alexander Hamilton, Patrick Henry, and James Madison.
Hamilton – Federalist
Henry -- Anti-Federalist
Madison – Federalist
FEDERALIST/ANTI-FEDERALIST (40 Points)
What was the chief strategy of the Anti-Federalists to defeat the ratification (approval) of the Constitution?
To get the voters to oppose it because there was no Bill of Rights.
FEDERALIST/ANTI-FEDERALIST (50 Points)
What strategy did the Federalists use to get ratification of the Constitution?
To promise to push for amendments to the Constitution to add a Bill of Rights after the Constitution was ratified.
RATIFICATION (10 Points)
How many states were there in the Union in 1791?
14
RATIFICATION (20 Points)
What percentage of the states was necessary to ratify the Bill of Rights?
75% or 3/4ths of the states
RATIFICATION (30 Points)
What was the date the Bill of Rights was ratified?
December 15, 1791
RATIFICATION (40 Points)
Which was the last state to ratify the Bill of Rights so that the Bill of Rights became a part of the Constitution?
Virginia
RATIFICATION (50 Points) DAILY DOUBLE QUESTION
What year did Massachusetts, Georgia, and Connecticut ratify the Bill of Rights?
1939
RIGHTS (10 Points)
True or False. The Bill of Rights includes the first 14 Amendments to the United States Constitution.
False, only the first 10 amendments.
RIGHTS (20 Points)
True or False. Most of rights contained in the Bill of Rights were modeled on rights listed in various state constitutions.
True
RIGHTS (30 Points)
List four of the seven basic rights protected by the First Amendment.
Freedom of religion
Freedom from establishment of religion
Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press
Freedom of association
Freedom for people to petition the government to correct wrongs/injustices
Freedom for people to get together peacefully (freedom of assembly)
RIGHTS (40 Points) DAILY DOUBLE QUESTION
Describe three rights protected by the Fifth Amendment.
Legal rights of those people accused of criminal acts
Self-incrimination
The government must pay a fair price for any property it takes from private citizens.
RIGHTS (50 Points)
Which amendment guarantees citizens that they will not be punished by mental or physical torture?
The Eighth Amendment protects citizens from cruel and unusual punishment.
FINAL GAME QUESTION: What is the name of the document and who must authorize (sign) it before police can enter your home to look through your possessions and take whatever is described in the document? Which amendment deals with this?
It is called a search warrant and must be signed by a judicial officer (magistrate). The Fourth Amendment protects citizens against searches without such documentation unless the circumstances fall within a specific exception to the warrant requirement, such as plain view or search incident to an arrest.
Levy, Leonard W., Constitutional Opinions: Aspects of the Bill of Rights, New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Meltzer, Milton, The Bill of Rights: How We Got It and What It Means, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1990.
REFERENCES:
Bowen, Catherine D., Miracle at Philadelphia, Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1986.
1787: The Day-to-Day Story of the Constitutional Convention, New York: Exter Books, 1987. (Note: This book was compiled by the historians of Independence National Historical Park, National Park Service.)
FIRST AMENDMENT
This amendment guarantees the right to freedom from establishment of religion, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of association, freedom for people to get together peacefully, and freedom for people to send petitions to their government.
SECOND AMENDMENT
This amendment states that in order to have a prepared military, people are guaranteed the right to keep and bear arms.
THIRD AMENDMENT
This amendment states that the government cannot force people to house and feed soldiers in their homes during times of peace.
FOURTH AMENDMENT
This amendment states that people, their homes or their belongings are protected from unreasonable searches or seizures. Warrants may not be issued except upon probable cause, and must specifically describe the place to be searched and the person or thing to be seized.
FIFTH AMENDMENT
This amendment guarantees a person accused of a serious crime the right to be charged by a grand jury. Persons cannot be forced to give evidence against themselves. If a person is found not guilty of a crime, he/she cannot be put on trial for the same crime again. The federal government cannot unfairly take peoples' lives, freedom or property. The government must pay a person for any property it takes for public use.
SIXTH AMENDMENT
This amendment guarantees a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury if a person is accused of a crime. The accused has the right to be told of what they are accused. They have the right to a lawyer. They have a right to see and to question those people who accuse them of the crime.
SEVENTH AMENDMENT
This amendment guarantees a trial by jury in civil cases.
(Disputes between private parties or between the government and a private party.)
EIGHTH AMENDMENT
This amendment guarantees that excessive bail or excessive fines will not be imposed and that punishment will not be cruel and unusual.
NINTH AMENDMENT
This amendment states that the people have other rights that are not stated here.
TENTH AMENDMENT
This amendment states that the people have all the rights not given to the United States government or forbidden to state governments by the U.S. Constitution.
*This focuses on the first ten amendments, but may rights are included in the body of the United States Constitution and in subsequent amendments.
Section 1 (Statements 1-5)
Section 2 (Statements 6-11)
Section 3 (Statements 12-16)
Section 4 (Statements 17-22)